Because the exact cause of navicular disease is complex and can involve both developmental and biomechanical factors, it is not always possible to prevent it entirely. Careful hoof management, balanced trimming or shoeing, and veterinary-guided treatment plans can help reduce stress on the heel and slow progression in affected horses. In this Ask TheHorse Live excerpt, Lauren Trager, DVM, MS, Dipl. ACVSMR, of the Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, in Blacksburg, discusses navicular disease in horses and how veterinarians might slow its progression.ThispodcastisanexcerptfromourAskTheHorseLiveQ&A.Listentothefullrecordinghere.About the Expert: Lauren Trager, DVM, MS, Dipl. ACVSMRLauren Trager, DVM, MS, Dipl. ACVSMR, is a clinical assistant professor of equine sports medicine at the Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, in Blacksburg. She is a diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation. Trager loves to teach and enjoys working on challenging lameness and poor performance cases, particularly those with neck and back pain and anything that involves advanced imaging.

11 min read Last updated: January 2026 Concerned about equine grass sickness striking your yard as late winter turns to spring? Learn how the PLA2 toxin discovery reshapes prevention, with 7 practical UK steps for cold, dry spells and the key early signs to act on fastso you can reduce risk and protect your horse with confidence. Quick Summary Short on time? Here are the key takeaways. Area: Risk Window Planning What To Do: During late winterspring, especially after cold, dry spells, reduce grazing on short, stressed pasture and prioritise yard forage. Rug appropriately to maintain condition in frosty winds. Why It Matters: These conditions favour PLA2producing microbes and raise EGS risk. Common Mistake: Leaving horses out as normal on sparse pasture during cold, drying weather. Area: Minimise Disturbance What To Do: Postpone harrowing, pipelaying, construction and heavy traffic; prevent poaching and overgrazing. Pick droppings by hand rather than using machinery. Why It Matters: Disturbance exposes soil microbes that may produce the toxin. Common Mistake: Harrowing or using paddock sweepers during highrisk weather. Area: Avoid Affected Fields What To Do: Keep horses off pastures with previous EGS cases, particularly in late winterspring. Use alternative fields or create sacrifice areas with added forage. Why It Matters: Previously affected land can remain higher risk for future grazing. Common Mistake: Returning to a known problem field once grass regrows. Area: Cograze with Sheep What To Do: Introduce mixed grazing with sheep where feasible and rotate stock. Agree fencing, biosecurity and parasite plans before starting. Why It Matters: Cograzing is associated with reduced EGS incidence. Common Mistake: Adding sheep without coordinating worming and biosecurity. Area: Spot Early Signs What To Do: Check appetite, swallowing, demeanour and droppings daily; call your vet immediately for reduced appetite, dysphagia, rapid weight loss, coliclike pain or sweating. Keep brief daily records to flag change. Why It Matters: Rapid veterinary assessment improves welfare and outcomes. Common Mistake: Waiting to see if it passes when redflag signs appear. Area: Keep Diet Steady What To Do: Avoid sudden feed changes; provide consistent fibre with goodquality hay/chaff and palatable fibre mashes. Offer extra forage when pasture is short or stressed. Why It Matters: A steady, fibreled diet supports gut health during risk periods. Common Mistake: Cutting forage or making abrupt ration changes in cold snaps. Area: TestLed Worming What To Do: Run regular faecal egg counts and tapeworm tests and dose only when indicated, with your vets guidance. Align testing with pasture rotation. Why It Matters: Testingled programmes protect gut health and avoid unnecessary treatments. Common Mistake: Blanket worming on a calendar without diagnostics. Area: Chronic Case Nursing What To Do: With vet guidance, select suitable cases and provide small, frequent, soft feeds, tepid water, warmth, pain control and gradual handwalking; monitor weight and intake closely. Why It Matters: Dedicated nursing can achieve 5070% recovery in selected chronic cases. Common Mistake: Attempting intensive care without veterinary oversight or clear selection criteria. In This Guide What causes equine grass sickness? When are UK horses most at risk? Is there a cure or vaccine? What early signs should you act on immediately? How can you reduce EGS risk on your yard? What does good nursing for chronic EGS look like? What does this breakthrough change now? Where to find trusted help and updates For over a century, equine grass sickness (EGS) has devastated UK yards without a clear cause. That changed with a 2025 research breakthrough that finally points to a specific toxin and a path towards better diagnosis and treatment.Key takeaway: Researchers have identified a neurotoxic enzyme called phospholipase A2 (similar to snake venom toxins) as the probable cause of EGS, guiding smarter prevention now and opening doors to future treatments.What causes equine grass sickness?In 2025, researchers identified the neurotoxic enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2) as the probable cause of equine grass sickness. The toxin is likely produced by microbes (bacteria or fungi) growing on pasture during the cold, dry weather that often precedes UK cases.This discovery comes from a collaboration between the University of Edinburghs Dick Vet Equine Hospital, Newcastle University, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, and the University of Padova, published in Equine Veterinary Journal. Using electron microscopy, the team found distinctive damage to neuromuscular junctions in affected horses a toxin signature that points strongly to PLA2, which acts in a way comparable to certain snake venom toxins. Notably, this contradicts the previous leading hypothesis that EGS is a form of botulism. The same neurotoxic mechanism is also implicated in dysautonomias in other species, including cats, dogs, hares, rabbits, llamas, alpacas, and sheep. You can read more via the University of Edinburgh coverage on EquiManagement and World Horse Welfare.Identifying a probable cause of Equine Grass Sickness represents a significant breakthrough. We hope this discovery will lead to novel treatments and improved diagnostics for this devastating condition. Professor Bruce McGorum, R(D)SVS, University of EdinburghWhen are UK horses most at risk?Late winter through early spring, especially after cold, dry weather, is the highest-risk period for EGS in the UK. Risk increases on disturbed or previously affected pastures.Those cold, drying spells typical of UK winters likely promote growth of the pasture microbes that produce PLA2. Fields that have been harrowed, grazed to bare earth, poached, or disturbed by construction or pipe-laying expose soil microbes and heighten exposure risk. Where previous cases have occurred, the environment may remain risky for future grazing. Co-grazing with sheep has been associated with reduced EGS incidence, so mixed grazing strategies are worth considering for many UK yards. For trusted guidance tailored to UK conditions, consult the British Horse Society (BHS) advice and the Equine Grass Sickness Fund.Quick tip: During cold, dry spells, keep horses comfortable and avoid unnecessary pasture disturbance. For turnout in frosty winds, a well-fitted, waterproof rug helps maintain condition consider durable options from our winter turnout rugs.Is there a cure or vaccine?No there is currently no cure or vaccine for EGS; treatment relies on intensive nursing and nutritional support. Carefully selected chronic cases can survive and return to work with dedicated care.According to the BHS, acute, sub-acute, and severe chronic cases often require euthanasia to prevent suffering. However, around 50% of chronic cases can survive with intensive nursing and veterinary oversight, and specialist centres report even higher success: the team at Easter Bush Veterinary Centre (R(D)SVS) quote recovery rates of approximately 70% in carefully selected chronic cases, with similar outcomes reported by experienced practitioners. Importantly, the majority of recovered horses return to their previous level of work from hacking and riding school duties to hunting, eventing, racing, and breeding though a small number may retain mild exercise intolerance or sweating abnormalities.It is hoped that some of the drugs that are currently being developed to treat and promote nerve regeneration in people paralysed by snake venoms can aid recovery of horses from grass sickness. Research team, R(D)SVS and partner institutionsThere is no licensed vaccine despite a 20142018 field trial. This breakthrough, however, points to new diagnostic and therapeutic avenues by targeting PLA2s specific mechanism of nerve damage.What early signs should you act on immediately?Reduced appetite, difficulty swallowing, and rapid weight loss are hallmark early signs that require immediate veterinary attention. Sudden colic-like pain (acute) or a tucked-up appearance with dullness (chronic) are also red flags.EGS presents in acute, sub-acute, and chronic forms. Acute and sub-acute cases can deteriorate rapidly, with severe gut stasis, colic-like pain, drooling, and sweating; sadly, these forms often necessitate euthanasia to prevent suffering. Chronic cases develop more slowly and may show weight loss despite eating, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), reduced appetite, a tucked-up abdomen, and an abnormal stance. Always contact your vet urgently if you suspect EGS early decision-making is crucial to welfare and outcome.Currently there is no non-invasive test to confirm EGS in a live horse; diagnosis relies on clinical examination, characteristic signs, and selective tests interpreted by your vet. This PLA2 discovery raises the prospect of targeted diagnostic tools in future, but for now prompt veterinary assessment remains essential.Pro tip: Keep a daily yard log of appetite, droppings, demeanour, and turnout conditions during high-risk cold, dry spells. Consistent records help your vet spot patterns early.How can you reduce EGS risk on your yard?Reduce risk by minimising pasture disturbance, avoiding previously affected fields, co-grazing with sheep, keeping diets consistent, hand-removing droppings, using testing-led worming, and providing extra forage.Practical steps UK yards can apply now:Minimise disturbance: Avoid harrowing, pipe-laying, construction, or poaching that exposes soil microbe layers, especially before or during cold, dry weather.Avoid high-risk fields: Do not graze horses on pastures where EGS has occurred, particularly in the late winterspring window.Co-graze with sheep: Mixed-species grazing is associated with reduced EGS incidence and improves sward utilisation.Hand-remove droppings: Where possible, pick by hand instead of mechanical collection to limit soil disruption.Keep the diet steady: Avoid sudden ration changes; support the gut with consistent forage provision. Consider targeted digestive support supplements after discussing with your vet.Testing-led worming: Follow a faecal egg count and tapeworm testing programme instead of routine blanket worming to protect gut health.Offer supplementary forage: Provide good-quality hay or chaff to maintain fibre intake and reduce reliance on potentially risky short, stressed pasture.During cold, dry spells when horses are more likely to be turned out on sparse pasture comfort and condition matter. Weatherproof layers help maintain bodyweight and resilience; browse our waterproof turnout rugs for varied fills and cuts to suit UK winters. For horses in light work or on yard rest, keep them eating with highly palatable options and small rewards; our range of palatable horse treats can help coax fussy appetites as part of your management plan.Finally, build your care toolkit. Gentle, regular human contact is linked with improved outcomes in chronic cases; keep a set of soft, easy-clean tools ready explore our gentle grooming brushes to support daily handling. If you favour trusted nutrition brands for recovery support, you can shop targeted options from NAF supplements and discuss choices with your vet or nutritionist.What does good nursing for chronic EGS look like?Carefully selected chronic cases can recover in 5070% of cases with nutrition-led nursing, hydration, warmth, pain control, and gradual mobilisation under veterinary supervision. Suitable candidates typically retain some swallow reflex, have intermittent appetite, and are free of continuous abdominal pain.Nursing priorities, drawn from UK research teams and the Equine Grass Sickness Fund, include:Nutrition: Offer small, frequent meals of easily swallowed, highly palatable feeds. Soaked fibre mashes and soft, energy-dense rations can help; your vet may advise nasogastric feeding for severe dysphagia. Encourage appetite with variety and texture, and monitor bodyweight weekly.Hydration: Provide tepid water and wet feeds to support fluid intake. Electrolytes should be discussed with your vet on a case-by-case basis.Comfort and warmth: Maintain a stable, draught-free environment and rug appropriately to conserve energy. Our lightweight stable rugs help manage temperature without bulk.Gentle handling: Daily, calm interaction and grooming support mental wellbeing and stimulate appetite; keep a soft kit from our grooming essentials to make sessions pleasant.Skin and limb care: Protect bony points and support circulation. Consider appropriate support boots and bandages under veterinary guidance to prevent swelling if turnout is restricted.Gradual mobilisation: Begin with short, supervised hand-walks when advised by your vet and increase steadily based on comfort and clinical signs.Monitoring: Keep meticulous records of feed intake, water consumption, droppings, demeanour, and vital signs; share updates with your vet frequently.The management of selected cases has been the subject of study by the Grass Sickness Research Team since 1989 and the results have challenged the view that chronic cases either die or at best only partly recover. Dr E. Milne, R(D)SVSInsurance matters: Intensive nursing can be prolonged and costly. If you have equine insurance, discuss EGS cover with your provider early to understand limits for hospitalisation, home nursing, and follow-up diagnostics.What does this breakthrough change now?It accelerates the path to better diagnostics and potential treatments, but day-to-day prevention and early veterinary action remain your best tools right now. Expect incremental progress as research translates the PLA2 finding into practical tests and therapies.Because PLA2 behaves similarly to toxins in some snake venoms, researchers are exploring whether drugs under development for human envenomation and nerve regeneration could support equine recovery. As these therapies are investigated, owners can contribute by implementing robust prevention, reporting suspected cases promptly, and engaging with UK research bodies that coordinate field knowledge and owner support.With the cause of Equine Grass Sickness eluding vets for more than a century, a research project has discovered it may be caused by a neurotoxic enzyme similar to toxins found in snake venoms. World Horse WelfareWhere to find trusted help and updatesSpeak to your vet first, then use the BHS, the Equine Grass Sickness Fund, and University of Edinburgh resources for up-to-date guidance. These organisations lead on owner education, research updates, and practical management advice in the UK.BHS owner guidance: prevention, signs, and management BHS EGS adviceEquine Grass Sickness Fund: UK charity dedicated to research and treatment EGSFResearch update (University of Edinburgh and partners): probable cause identified EquiManagement coverageWelfare context and owner-facing summary World Horse WelfareAt Just Horse Riders, we recommend building a simple yard protocol for the late winterspring period: daily appetite checks, minimal pasture disturbance, consistent forage, and a pre-agreed plan with your vet for rapid assessment if signs appear. For comfort-first care, keep essentials to hand a breathable rug, soft grooming kit, and a few palatable feeds and treats so you can act fast when it matters.FAQsDoes this breakthrough mean a cure is coming soon?Not immediately. Identifying PLA2 as the probable cause is a major step that has the potential to lead to novel treatments and improved diagnostics, but there is still no cure. Researchers are investigating therapies inspired by anti-venom and nerve-regeneration science, which will take time to develop and test.Can my horse be tested for grass sickness?There is currently no non-invasive test to confirm EGS in a live horse. Vets diagnose based on clinical signs, examination findings, and selective laboratory tests; the PLA2 breakthrough may enable improved diagnostics in future.If my horse gets chronic EGS, what is the realistic chance of recovery?With careful case selection and intensive nursing, recovery ranges from around 50% in general practice to roughly 70% at specialist centres like Easter Bush Veterinary Centre. Suitable cases typically retain some swallow reflex, have intermittent appetite, and are not in continuous abdominal pain.Is there a vaccine I can give my horse?No. There is no licensed vaccine for EGS at present, despite a 20142018 field trial. Prevention focuses on yard and pasture management.What are the earliest signs I should watch for?Loss of appetite, difficulty swallowing, and rapid weight loss are key early signs. In acute cases, severe colic-like pain and sweating can develop quickly; in chronic cases, a tucked-up appearance and dullness are common. Call your vet immediately if you suspect EGS.If my horse recovers, can it return to work?Yes. The majority of recovered chronic cases return to their previous level of work from hacking and riding school duties to hunting, eventing, racing, and breeding though a small number may show residual sweating or exercise fatigue.Should I change my worming programme because of EGS risk?Adopt a testing-led programme (faecal egg counts and tapeworm testing) rather than routine blanket worming. This approach supports gut health and aligns with BHS-endorsed best practice; always plan your worming with your vet.Quick tip: Keep a small, flexible EGS readiness kit on the yard for late winterspring: a well-fitting rug for cold, dry spells, a soft grooming set, a couple of highly palatable fibre-based feeds, and some favourite treats to tempt appetite. Comfort, consistency, and rapid veterinary input give your horse the best possible chance. Shop the Essentials Everything mentioned in this guide, ready to browse. 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13 min read Last updated: January 2026 Love your Micklems comfort but need more control than a snaffle for UK hacking or jumping? This guide shows exactly how to fit a Kimblewick on a Micklembit straps, curb chain set to engage around 45 degrees, and reins in the upper slotso you get mild curb action, two mouth wrinkles, and steadier, kinder brakes. Quick Summary Short on time? Here are the key takeaways. Area: Fit Micklem High What To Do: Position the noseband about four fingers above the bit, seat the cheekpieces behind the cheekbones, and leave two fingers under the noseband. Why It Matters: Clears nerves and teeth while stabilising the bridle for comfortable curb action. Common Mistake: Fitting it low like a cavesson or cranking it tight, causing pressure and instability. Area: Attach Bit Straps What To Do: Use the Micklems bit straps to connect the Kimblewick and adjust for two soft lip wrinkles, matching holes on both sides; swap strap set if needed. Why It Matters: Correct height and symmetry keep the mouthpiece steady and contact clear. Common Mistake: Hanging the bit from main cheekpieces or leaving it too low/uneven. Area: Set Curb Chain What To Do: Fit a curb chain so the bit can rotate roughly 45 before engagement, keeping the chain flat and centred. Why It Matters: Prevents over-rotation and delivers predictable, mild leverage. Common Mistake: Riding without a curb chain or tightening it to clamp the jaw. Area: Choose Rein Slot What To Do: Start in the upper slot for the mildest action; only drop to the lower slot if you genuinely need more control after a few calm rides. Why It Matters: A gradual increase in leverage helps the horse accept the new feel. Common Mistake: Going straight to the lower slot and over-bitting from day one. Area: Post-Ride Checks What To Do: After first rides, re-check every strap, even up bit straps, confirm two wrinkles, and tweak only one hole at a time. Why It Matters: Bedding-in can alter leverage timing and comfort slightly. Common Mistake: Changing multiple settings at once or ignoring small asymmetries. Area: Troubleshoot Behaviour What To Do: For resistance, adjust bit height, raise the noseband, lengthen the curb chain one link, or move reins to the upper slotchange one variable at a time. Why It Matters: Targeted micro-adjustments usually resolve contact issues quickly. Common Mistake: Tightening the noseband to mask problems instead of refining fit. Area: Care & Weatherproofing What To Do: After wet rides, clean/dry the bit and chain, wipe and condition leather, check holes for stretch, and reassemble on equal holes. Why It Matters: Keeps straps supple and lengths precise for consistent curb action and comfort. Common Mistake: Reusing stiff, damp leather or reattaching straps unevenly. Area: Rules & Riding What To Do: Use this combo for hacking/jumping, verify current UK showing rules before competing, and keep rein aids simple while the horse adapts. Why It Matters: Ensures legality and safe, effective control across scenarios. Common Mistake: Assuming all classes allow the setup or riding with busy hands early on. In This Guide What makes a Micklem different? Can you use a Kimblewick with a Micklem? How to fit a Kimblewick on a Micklem Choosing your Kimblewick setup Troubleshooting fit and behaviour UK riding scenarios: jumping, hacking and showing Care, comfort and weatherproofing Essentials and recommendations If you love the comfort-first design of the Micklem bridle but need more control than a snaffle, the Kimblewick is a smart next step. Pairing them correctly gives you mild curb action without sacrificing your horses facial comfort ideal for UK hacking, jumping and even some showing.Key takeaway: A Kimblewick bit works perfectly with a Micklem bridle when fitted high, attached via the Micklems bit straps, and paired with a curb chain start with the upper rein slots for the mildest action.What makes a Micklem different?The Micklem is an anatomical bridle designed to avoid nerve and tooth pressure while stabilising bit position. It positions the noseband higher, buckles it further back on the cheek for stability, and routes straps to keep pressure off delicate areas.The inventor, William Micklem, designed the bridle to work with your horses facial anatomy particularly the motor and sensory nerves around the cheek and jaw. The padded, widened headpiece spreads pressure and avoids the narrow strap under the poll you find on many traditional bridles. The noseband sits above protruding upper molars to prevent tooth pressure and is shaped to clear the major facial nerve exits.The Micklem bridle has a padded widened head piece with no narrow noseband strap going underneath to create poll pressure. It also avoids any pressure on the protruding upper-jaw molar teeth and the exit point of the motor and sensory nerves on the side of the face. William Micklem (source)Importantly for bit users, Micklem bridles include two sets of short bit straps that attach to small rings near the cheekbones. These straps stabilise the bit and make it easy to fine-tune height to the classic two wrinkles at the corners of the mouth. That stability is particularly helpful when you step up to a mild curb like a Kimblewick.Can you use a Kimblewick with a Micklem?Yes a Kimblewick fits a Micklem via the bit straps and works safely when you add a curb chain. UK riders and Horseware International confirm compatibility, including with Pelham-style leverage bits.Forum users report direct confirmation from Horseware International (HWI) and Micklem hire services that Pelhams and Kimblewicks are fine to use with Micklem bridles. In fact, the Competition Micklem is designed to be used with a bit and its strap system is particularly helpful for settling the mouthpiece height precisely for curb action. As one UK forum user relayed from HWI: Yes, you can use a Pelham bit with a Micklem bridle without any issues. (source)The Kimblewick is a fixed cheek curb bit with short leverage, typically milder than a Pelham. It uses a curb chain to prevent the bit from rotating too far, and it offers rein slots so you can choose how much poll pressure you want the upper slot for minimum leverage, or the lower slot for a bit more.How to fit a Kimblewick on a MicklemFit the Micklem higher than a traditional cavesson, attach the Kimblewick to the Micklems bit straps, and set the curb chain so it engages without over-rotating aim for two mouth wrinkles and two fingers under the noseband.Follow this step-by-step:Set the noseband height. William Micklem advises fitting it about four fingers above the bit, or even a little higher, and ensuring vertical cheek pieces sit behind the protruding cheekbones (zygomatic ridge). This clears sensitive structures and stabilises the whole bridle.Attach the bit straps. Clip one of the Micklems included bit strap sets to the small rings near the cheekbones, then to your Kimblewicks rings. Adjust strap holes so the bit sits with two gentle wrinkles at the corners of the mouth. If you cant get the exact height, swap to the other (longer/shorter) strap set.Fit the curb chain. A Kimblewick must be used with a curb chain to limit rotation and deliver correct leverage. Fit it so you can turn the bit shank around 45 degrees before the chain engages secure, but not tight.Choose your reins slot. Start with the upper slot for the mildest poll pressure. Drop to the lower slot only if you need a touch more control once your horse understands the feel.Final noseband check. You should easily fit two fingers under the noseband across the nasal bone. The Micklem is designed to be stable without being tight over-tightening is counterproductive and uncomfortable.Fit it high enough. The front nose piece should be about four fingers above the bit... the vertical cheek pieces have to fit behind the protruding cheek bones; then everything fits as it should. William Micklem (source)Quick tip: After your first ride, re-check every strap. Leverage bits can bed in differently to a snaffle, and you may need one extra hole on the bit strap for the perfect two-wrinkle smile line.Choosing your Kimblewick setupStart mild: use the upper rein slot and a straight or Cambridge mouthpiece, then adjust to the lower slot only if needed. Look for Kimblewicks with an oval or round top opening that aligns cleanly with your cheekpiece for smooth poll action.The Kimblewicks fixed cheek and rein slots give you a simple tuneable curb. The upper slot produces minimal poll pressure; the lower slot adds leverage. For horses stepping up from a snaffle, keep initial rides in the upper slot with a thicker, kinder mouthpiece such as a Cambridge/ported style or hard rubber option. In the UK market, entry-level Kimblewicks start around 24.50 for models like a hard rubber Cambridge mouth a sensible price point to trial the feel before investing in other mouthpieces.Some Kimblewicks feature an oval or round opening on the upper bar where your cheekpiece (or in the Micklems case, the bit strap) sits. This design helps align the force transfer toward the poll when the reins engage, maintaining a consistent contact feel. Test which geometry your horse prefers; many go best when the strap and slot line up without twisting.Pro tip: Keep your rein aids clear and simple at first. The Kimblewick offers curb and poll pressure as well as tongue relief, so give your horse a few short, calm sessions to learn the new feel.Troubleshooting fit and behaviourIf your horse opens the mouth, over-bends, or resists, re-check bridle height, bit strap length, curb chain tension, and rein slot choice. Most issues resolve with micro-adjustments to the Micklems strap system and curb chain.Use this quick checklist:Bit looks low (lip corners flat, no wrinkles)? Shorten the bit straps until you see two soft wrinkles at the mouth corner.Noseband slipping or rubbing? Raise it to four fingers above the bit, and ensure cheekpieces sit fully behind the cheekbones as Micklem recommends.Horse tucks behind the contact? Move reins to the upper slot for less leverage and lengthen the curb chain one link so it engages later.Horse leans or gets strong? Try the lower rein slot for a touch more poll action, but keep the curb chain fair it should prevent over-rotation, not clamp the jaw.Uneven contact side-to-side? Check the Micklems paired bit straps are on equal holes and the curb chain is centred and flat.Remember, the Micklems design avoids pressure on nerves and teeth when fitted high and never overly tight. Let the bridles stability do the work; avoid cranking the noseband to mask contact issues.UK riding scenarios: jumping, hacking and showingA Micklem with a Kimblewick is well-suited to jumping and everyday hacking in the UK, and many riders also use similar curb bits in showing where bits are required and clips arent allowed. Always check your societys current rulebook before a class.For jumping, the Kimblewicks mild curb action gives extra brakes without the busy feel of two reins. The Micklems higher noseband and cheekbone clearance help keep your horse comfortable over fences and during tight turns. For hacking particularly in busy or windy conditions the upper rein slot offers gentle extra control while the Micklems padded headpiece reduces pressure under the headcollar on the walk to and from the field.On showing: UK riders report successful pairing of Pelham/Kimblewick styles with Micklems, and Horseware International has confirmed Pelham compatibility. If youre entering classes that require a bit and disallow bit clips, the Micklem Competition bridle with a correctly fitted Kimblewick is a practical, horse-friendly choice. For discipline-specific tack allowances, consult your organising body (e.g., British Horse Society guidance for general showing and safety) and check current schedules before you travel.Heading out early? Improve your visibility and safety with hi-vis for riders and a snug, up-to-standard riding helmet essentials for UK lanes and bridleways.Care, comfort and weatherproofingIn wet UK seasons, the Micklems padded headpiece helps reduce rubs, and regular cleaning keeps curb chains and bit straps smooth on the skin. After wet rides, wipe leather and check strap holes for stretch.Day-to-day care matters more with leverage bits because tiny changes in strap length alter where the curb engages. After schooling or a muddy hack, clean the Kimblewick and curb chain, and condition the Micklems headpiece so padding stays supple. A soft, stable surface on the poll and nose will keep your horse happier under the additional curb pressures.For turnout or travel in typical British rain, look after the rest of your kit, too. A comfortable horse moves better and accepts the contact more readily, so pair good bridle care with the right seasonal rugs and leg protection:Keep your horse warm and dry in winter with well-fitting turnout rugs from trusted brands like Weatherbeeta and Shires.Support schooling days with protective horse boots and bandages that wont rub when conditions are wet.Stay ahead of coat and skin health with quality brushes and aftercare from our grooming collection.Quick tip: After a particularly rainy hack, loosen the curb chain and unhook the bit straps while you clean, then reassemble and check both sides sit on equal holes before your next ride.Essentials and recommendationsTo run a Kimblewick on a Micklem safely, you need the bridle fitted high, a Kimblewick with a curb chain, and correctly sized bit straps for two visible mouth wrinkles. Start mild and adjust in small steps.Heres a simple shopping and setup list:Micklem bridle (Competition model for bitted work) with both sets of bit straps included.Kimblewick bit suited to your horse (hard rubber or Cambridge/ported mouthpieces are popular stepping stones).Curb chain (always required with a Kimblewick) fitted to engage at roughly 45 rotation.Reins attached to the upper slot to begin, moving to the lower only if needed.Leather care to keep straps supple and holes true for precise fit.At Just Horse Riders, we recommend that you make only one change at a time: keep the rein in the upper slot for a week before trying the lower, and dont alter noseband and curb at the same time. Our customers often find that simply raising the Micklem one hole behind the cheekbones makes contact steadier and reduces the need for more leverage.Riding in the UKs changeable weather? Round out your tack checks with rider kit that keeps you comfortable, safe and focused:Grippy, practical womens jodhpurs and breeches for secure lower leg contact.Smart, breathable competition clothing for show days that align with tack rules.Comfortable, supportive horse riding boots for clear, light aids with leverage bits.Post-ride support with targeted supplements if your horse is stepping up work.Step-by-step: your first ride in this comboFor your first session, ride in the arena, use the upper rein slot, and keep the curb chain fair. Keep it short and positive, then make micro-adjustments to the bit straps before your next ride.Start on the ground. Ask softly for flexions left and right; confirm the curb chain isnt biting and the bit sits steady with two wrinkles.Mount and walk. Practise haltwalkhalt transitions from the seat with light rein support to introduce curb feel without tension.Test steering and brakes. On large circles, check even contact on both reins, then try a couple of quiet half-halts.Cool down, then review fit. Check for any ruffled hair or pink skin at the lips, chin groove, or under the padded headpiece small signs that a one-hole tweak is needed.If you plan to jump, school flatwork first for a few sessions until the contact feels relaxed and consistent. For winter evenings, add hi-vis layers to and from the arena and ensure your helmet fits correctly.Micklem expert insightThe Micklem must be fitted higher than a traditional cavesson, with cheek pieces tucked behind the cheekbones and two fingers under the noseband. This high, anatomical fit is the foundation for comfort with any curb action.William Micklems own guidance is unequivocal on height and cheekbone clearance the noseband goes high, and nothing should press on nerve exits or protruding molars. Thats why this bridle pairs so well with mild leverage bits: the base is already stable and anatomically considerate, so you dont need noseband tightness to control jaw movement. Follow his instructions closely and let the design do the work.When in doubt, take a clear, side-on photo with the bit at rest. You should see two wrinkles at the lips, the noseband level about four fingers above the bit, and the vertical straps cleanly behind the zygomatic ridge. Small, accurate details are what make this combination so comfortable and effective for many UK horses.FAQsWill a Kimblewick bit fit a Micklem bridle properly?Yes. Attach the Kimblewick to the Micklems bit straps at the small rings near the cheekbones, then fit a curb chain. UK riders and Horseware International confirm that Pelham/Kimblewick styles are compatible with Micklem bridles (source).Do I need a curb chain with a Kimblewick on a Micklem?Yes. A Kimblewick requires a curb chain to prevent the bit from rotating too far and to deliver correct, predictable leverage.Which rein slot should I use on my Kimblewick?Use the upper slot for minimal poll pressure to begin. If you need more control once your horse understands the feel, try the lower slot for stronger action.How high should I fit the Micklem noseband?Fit it about four fingers above the bit so the vertical cheek pieces sit behind the cheekbones. Aim for two mouth wrinkles and two fingers under the noseband snug but never tight (source).Can I jump in a Micklem with a Kimblewick in the UK?Yes. This pairing is popular for jumping because it offers mild curb action with a stable, comfortable bridle fit. Many UK riders use it for hacking too; just adapt rein slots to your horses preference.Is this setup allowed for showing?Often yes, especially where bits are required and clips arent allowed, but always check current rules for your discipline or class and consult UK bodies such as the BHS for general guidance.What if my horse still resists the contact?Re-check strap lengths, curb chain tension and bit height. Start with the upper rein slot and make one change at a time; small adjustments usually solve common contact issues with this combination. Shop the Essentials Everything mentioned in this guide, ready to browse. Shop Hi-Vis GearShop Riding HelmetsShop Boots & BandagesShop Turnout RugsShop Grooming Kit