Save up to 20 on your order this Boxing Day! Shop the best equestrian deals here at Redpost, with all your favourite brands including LeMieux, Ariat, Pikeur, Samshield, Horseware and more. Save extra in the Fairfax & Favor, Holland Cooper & Weatherbeeta sale too!Use the codes below in the checkout until midnight on Thursday 26 December.START SHOPPING!Discount codes are not valid on feed, bedding, Gift Vouchers, or some selected lines. Not to be used in conjunction with any other offers or discounts. Codes MUST be applied at the time of ordering and cannot be retroactively applied.The post Boxing Day Discount Codes! first appeared on Redpost Equestrian Blog.

Residents at The Donkey Sanctuary have been enjoying some homemade edible wreaths, garlands and baubles at their Sidmouth home this Christmas.The treats were created by staff at the sanctuary alongside volunteers at the Donkey Assisted Activities (DAA) Centre and have kept the donkeys very busy over the festive period.Pieces ofswede, carrot, apple and parsnipwere tied to baler twine and hung from fencing as garlands while wreaths, which were made from awillow base and included hazel, rosemary, mint, carrot and parsnip batons,were suspended from stable doors and fence posts.Haynets contained a football, which made it a bit more of a challenge for the donkeys to pull and mimicked more natural browsing behaviours, and hazel branches as well as batons of cucumber, carrots and parsnip.All the treats provided an excellent source of enrichment for the donkeys. It encouraged them to interact with their environment, provided mental stimulation, prevented boredom and kept them active.Creating the edible enrichment items was so much fun for our volunteers and staff, said Stephy Studley, equine assistant at the DAA Centre.As we hung them around the yard, we could see the donkeys watching us with anticipation. Once we let them into the yard, it was fascinating to see each donkey picking and choosing their favourite treats. It was such a lovely experience and brought joy to everyone involved, especially the donkeys.We take time to engage in these activities as its important to give the donkeys opportunities to explore and forage for new things. This recreates the donkeys instinctive behaviours such as browsing, as well as their natural curiosity, by stimulating all their senses. We always try to think outside the box to keep the activities seasonal using natural, sustainable resources that can be found locally, or even growing our own veg and herbs especially for the donkeys.The enrichment activity is mutually beneficial for the donkeys as well as the staff and volunteers who enjoy getting together to create treats for their four legged friends.Enrichment is important for all donkeys and horses. There are many ways to keep them occupied and enhance their environment. Here are a few ideas:Pack a traffic cone with hayLeave some hay poking out of the top of the cone and hide treats inside it. Your horse will be kept entertained as he finds a way to get them out and gobble them up.Canon EOS R7 f/5 1/200s 41mm ISO200Make treat branchesFind a suitable branch and smear it with honey or low-sugar jam. You can also stick vegetable treats or Polo mints onto it, then hang it in the stable or field. Add something different every day.Give him a treat toyTowels and staple-free cardboard boxes with treats hidden inside can make great toys.For more ways to enrich your horses environment click here.All images and videos (c) The Donkey Sanctuary.Further reading7 ways to enrich your horses environment and make them happier7 common winter vet call outs and how to avoid them this seasonHandy guide to horse health insurance and vet fees coverHorses are designed to get wet, so many dont need to wear a rug, says vetThe post Festive fun at The Donkey Sanctuary appeared first on Your Horse.

Topic Details Growth Patterns in the First Year By 6 months: 80% mature height, 43% mature weight By 12 months: 94% adult height, 65% final weight By 22 months: 97% full height Nutritional Considerations Environmental factors affect growth Compensatory growth occurs in spring/summer Aim for smooth growth to avoid DODs Advantages of a September Birth Competitive advantage due to categorization by year of birth Lush grass and warm weather benefit early development Challenges of a September Birth Slower growth during first winter Potential for developmental issues if growth is unmanaged Orthopedic and Behavioral Considerations Risk of angular limb deformities Potential behavioral differences due to immaturity Exploring the Growth Patterns of September-Born Horses: Advantages and Challenges When it comes to the growth and development of horses, the timing of their birth can have significant implications on their overall health, performance, and competitiveness. For September-born horses, there are several factors to consider, including their growth patterns, nutritional needs, and potential advantages or disadvantages in various contexts. Growth Patterns in the First Year Horses, particularly those of light horse breeds like Thoroughbreds, grow rapidly in the first year of their life. Here are some key milestones: By six months, a foal typically reaches about 80% of its mature height and 43% of its mature weight. At 12 months, the foal will have reached approximately 94% of its adult height and 65% of its final weight [1]. By 22 months, the horse has almost finished growing in height, reaching about 97% of its full height [1]. For a September-born foal, this means that by the following March, it will already be close to 80% of its mature height, and by the next September, it will be nearing its full adult height. Nutritional Considerations Seasonal Impact Foals born in different seasons experience varying growth patterns due to environmental factors. For example, foals born in the fall, like September, may face a slower growth rate during their first winter due to the need to burn more calories to maintain body temperature. However, they often experience a growth spurt the following spring and summer, known as compensatory or catch-up growth [5]. Smooth Growth Curve It is essential to aim for a smooth growth curve to avoid erratic growth patterns that could lead to developmental orthopedic diseases (DODs). This may involve adjusting feed intake during winter and restricting pasture access in the spring to regulate growth [5]. Advantages of a September Birth Competitive Timing For horses that will be shown or competed at specific ages, a September birth can be advantageous. Since many competitions categorize horses by year of birth, a September foal will have nearly a full year of development before being classified as a yearling, which can give them a slight edge over foals born earlier in the year [2]. Environmental Conditions Early fall births allow foals to benefit from the remaining warm weather and lush grass, which is beneficial for the mare's recovery and the foal's early development. This can lead to better turnout possibilities and overall health [2]. Challenges of a September Birth Winter Growth As mentioned earlier, foals born in the fall may experience slower growth during their first winter due to the colder climate. This requires careful management of their nutrition to ensure they receive enough calories to maintain growth and body temperature [5]. Potential Health Issues While not exclusive to September-born foals, any foal can be at risk for developmental issues if their growth is not managed properly. Ensuring a smooth growth curve and monitoring for signs of DODs or other orthopedic issues is crucial [5]. Orthopedic and Behavioral Considerations Orthopedic Issues Premature or dysmature foals, regardless of their birth month, can face orthopedic challenges such as angular limb deformities. These issues can affect their ability to rest properly and may lead to long-term biomechanical differences that impact performance [3]. Behavioral Traits Some studies suggest that foals with immature development may exhibit behavioral differences, such as being more aggressive, active, intolerant, and untrusting. However, these traits are more commonly associated with gestational immaturity rather than the specific month of birth [3]. Conclusion September-born horses have unique growth patterns and developmental needs that can both advantage and challenge them. Understanding these factors is crucial for horse owners and breeders to ensure the optimal health and performance of their horses. By managing nutritional intake carefully, monitoring growth patterns, and being aware of potential orthopedic and behavioral issues, owners can help their September-born foals reach their full potential. Whether these horses are destined for the show ring, the track, or other equestrian disciplines, a well-informed approach to their care can make a significant difference in their long-term success. For all the latest horse riding equipment and apparel, check out Just Horse Riders. Browse our collections for the perfect gear at unbeatable prices.```html```

Welcome to Horse Illustrateds weekly installment of the Right Horse Adoptable Horse of the Week, offered in partnership with the ASPCAs Right Horse program. This weeks adoptable horse is Cat (Cutters D Bar Chex)!Check back weekly for a new featured horse so you can find your Right Horse.Photo courtesy Humane Society of North TexasAdoptable Horse: Cat (Cutters D Bar Chex), a 17-year-old, 14.3hh Quarter Horse geldingOrganization: Humane Society of North Texas, Fort Worth, TexasGet to Know Adoptable Horse CatMeet Cat! This gorgeous, registered Quarter Horse gelding loves attention. He has such a great spirit and is a beauty to behold in the pasture when he moves. Cat is energetic and would do best with an intermediate to advanced handler. He has never been ridden.Cat stands at 14.3 hands high. Heis up-to-date on shots, Coggins, dental care, and is microchipped.He is located in Joshua, Texas, near Fort Worth.Photo courtesy Humane Society of North TexasContact Humane Society of North Texas today about ASPCA Right Horse Adoptable Horse of the Week, Cat!ASPCA Right HorseASPCA Right Horse is the online adoption platform of The Right Horse Initiative, a collection of equine industry and welfare professionals and advocates working together to improve the lives of horses in transition. A program of the ASPCA, their goal is to massively increase horse adoption in the United States. To find more adoptable horses and foster horses, visit www.myrighthorse.org. To learn more about The Right Horse, a program of the ASPCA, visit www.aspcarighthorse.org.The post ASPCA Right Horse Adoptable Horse of the Week: Cat (Cutters D Bar Chex) appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Section Description Understanding Basic Horse Coat Colors Describes the three base coat colors in horses: Chestnut, Black, and Bay. Chestnut Color resulting from a recessive trait, leading to red to deep chestnut hues. Black Dominant allele results in black pigmentation, often combined with recessive traits. Bay Combination of dominant alleles gives reddish-brown body with black points. Visualizing Bay Horses Features brown body with black mane, tail, and points due to genetic interplay. Exploring Buckskin Horse Characteristics Golden coat from Cream gene, differing from bay without dun markings. Bay Genetics Describes bay horse genetics with specific alleles and absence of the Cream gene. Buckskin Genetics Outlines buckskin's genetic basis, including the influence of the Cream gene. Delineating Visual Differences Contrasts the appearance of bay and buckskin horses, highlighting key differences. Bay Horse Appearance Characteristics of a bay horse's coat. Buckskin Horse Appearance Describes the contrast and golden hue of buckskin horses. Key Highlights: Dark Buckskin vs. Bay Summarizes differences in color intensity, points, and genetic structure. Conclusion Reflects on the understanding of equine coloration through genetics. The equine world is as full of vibrant colors as it is with majestic gallops and spirited riders. Among the palette of equine beauty, certain shades intrigue aficionados, such as the closely related yet distinctive colors: dark buckskin and bay. In this article, we'll uncover the fascinating nuances of these two horse coat colors, exploring the genetic tapestry and visual symphonies they create. Understanding Basic Horse Coat Colors Before diving into bay and buckskin coats, it's crucial to understand the fundamental hues found in horses. There are three base coat colors in these noble creatures: Chestnut Chestnut is a fiery color born from a recessive trait, revealing itself only when both alleles are homozygous as *e/e*. This absence of the dominant allele leads to vibrant yellow pheomelanin, painting the horse in shades of red to deep chestnut[1][2]. Black Black horses, cloaked in mystery, owe their dark attire to at least one dominant *E* allele. This allele allows the indulging black eumelanin to spread, making the horse a shadowed masterpiece when combined with the recessive *aa*[1][2]. Bay Our star color, bay, combines the forces of at least one dominant *E* and one dominant *A* allele. The result? Black pigments accentuate the mane, tail, and points, while pheomelanin bathes the body in reddish-browns[1][4]. Visualizing Bay Horses Bay horses are beloved for their striking aesthetics. They flaunt brownish bodies contrasted by black manes, tails, and accented points. This combination arises from the contrasting interplay of the *Extension* and *Agouti* genes, crafting a visually cohesive look with genotype designs like *E/Aa* or *E/AA*[1][4]. Exploring Buckskin Horse Characteristics The buckskin horse, shimmering with a sunny aura, diverges slightly from its bay counterpart. Sporting a golden coat with dark manes and pointed features, the buckskin does not bear the primitive dun markings[3]. Instead, genetic alchemy involving the Cream gene elevates its coloration. The Genetic Symphony of Bay and Buckskin The difference between bay and buckskin is as subtle as a breeze yet distinctly influential, attributed to the presence of the Cream Dilution gene: Bay Genetics The bay's genetic elegance lies simply within *E/Aa* or *E/AA*, completely free of the Cream gene's diluting touch[1][4]. Buckskin Genetics In contrast, buckskins share their foundational genetic tapestry with bays but carry the *Cream gene*, diluting both black and red pigments. This results in the buckskin's profound golden hue, represented in genotypes such as *Cr/Cr* or *Cr/cr* with their bay genes[3]. Delineating Visual Differences When posed side by side, the aesthetic disparity between a dark buckskin and a bay becomes evident: Bay Horse Appearance A bay horse typically showcases a spectrum of brown upon their bodies, highlighted with distinct black points. They flow as naturally as a chocolaty river[3][4]. Buckskin Horse Appearance The buckskin, in contrast, manifests a golden allure. Its black points stand in stark comparison, enhanced by the lighter golden expanse across its form[3]. Key Highlights: Dark Buckskin vs. Bay Color Intensity: A dark buckskin naturally leans toward a more golden hue, with the Cream gene commandeering the color spectrum. Points: Both types share black accents, yet buckskin's lighter body tone draws forth a pronounced contrast. Genetic Structure: The pivotal difference lies in the Cream gene's presence, setting apart the two colors. Conclusion: Celebrating Equine Coloration Understanding the enigmatic genetic dance that distinguishes dark buckskins from bays allows us to revel in the spectrum of equine beauty. By acknowledging the nuanced interaction of the *Extension*, *Agouti*, and Cream genes, we gain the insight necessary to appreciate these horses fully. From breeders to passionate horse owners, knowledge of equine genetics enhances decision-making and deepens the connection between human and horse. For all riders seeking the perfect jodhpurs or the right stable rugs, diving into equine genetics adds another layer of intimacy to this cherished pastime. For further inquiries into the mesmerizing world of horse colors and genetics, consider these resources: Equine Coat Color Genetics 101 Horse Genetics 2.0: Colours A Comprehensive Guide to Common Horse Coat Colors Bay (horse) - Wikipedia Horse Coat Colors, Dilutions & Patterns Genetics Guide

Topic Details Equine Healthcare Market Valued at $1.34 billion in 2023, projected growth to $1.81 billion by 2028 with a CAGR of 6.3%. Driven by aged equine populations and preventive healthcare strategies. Equestrian Equipment Market Valued at $2,261.2 million in 2024 with a 4.20% CAGR until 2031. Emphasis on safety-oriented gear in North America which claims over 40% market share. Economic Trends The U.S. Horse & Other Equine Production sector is valued at $2.5 billion in 2024, with a 4.8% annual growth driven by rising disposable incomes. Factors in Choosing a Horse Consider health and wellness (clean health record, vet check-ups), training and temperament (recreational or sports), and equipment needs (related gear). Market Insights Global demand for equestrian sports is rising in North America and Asia Pacific. Regional variations exist with affordability in Asia and luxury in the Middle East and Africa. Future Growth Innovations like telemedicine and wearable tech are shaping the future, with increased participation in equestrian sports. Navigating the Equine Market: A Journey of Finding the Perfect Horse Partner Welcome to the exciting and occasionally turbulent journey of finding your perfect horse partner. This journey, albeit thrilling, requires a comprehensive understanding of the equine landscape. It's much like finding the right pair of jodhpurs in a sea of breeches; you must be informed, patient, and perceptive. In this article, we'll navigate the realms of equine health, delve into the essential equipment, and ponder over the industry's economic trends to ensure a smooth ride. Understanding the Equine Healthcare Market Your horse's wellness is paramount. As of 2023, the global equine healthcare market was valued at $1.34 billion, projected to grow by 2024. The market's compound annual growth rate (CAGR) stands at an impressive 6.3% (source). Such growth is driven by aged equine populations, preventive health strategies, and enhanced awareness among horse owners about healthcare's critical nature. Innovations like genetic testing and personalized medicine will likely propel this sector to $1.81 billion by 2028. Each stride in healthcare represents a step toward ensuring your future horse companion gallops into your life with vitality. The Importance of Equestrian Equipment While healthcare addresses your horse's internal workings, the right equestrian equipment ensures external protection and performance. Valued at $2,261.2 million in 2024, this market is on a growth trajectory of 4.20% CAGR until 2031 (source). North America claims over 40% share, with an emphasis on safety-oriented gear like helmets, safety stirrups, and protective vests. Such equipment serves as the unsung hero of equine adventures, offering peace of mind with every trot and gallop. Investing in Safety Your safety and that of your horse are non-negotiable, making the choice of riding boots, gloves, and protective gear paramount. These investments not only prevent mishaps but also enhance your riding experience. Economic Trends in the Equine Industry The broader economic health of the equine industry paints a vibrant picture. In the U.S., the Horse & Other Equine Production sector, valued at $2.5 billion in 2024, has seen a 4.8% annual growth over five years. This upswing is driven by rising disposable incomes, allowing equine enthusiasts to indulge in horse ownership fervently (source). Finding the Right Horse How do you sift through the paddock and pick your perfect equine partner? Several factors need consideration: Health and Wellness A horse's health is as essential as your morning brew. A clean health record, backed by regular vet check-ups, ensures your equine buddy isn't hauling hidden ailments. Genetic testing lets you peek at potential health issues around the corner (source). Training and Temperament Training and temperament are your compass in navigating your horse's personality orbit. Whether it's for recreational riding or competitive sports, knowing your horse's background helps align expectations. Insights from trainers and seasoned horse owners offer valuable guidance. Equipment Needs Investing in high-quality equestrian gloves and related equipment ties into the experience you envision. Whether it's a serene countryside ride or an adrenaline-pumping event, the right gear enhances performance and security. Market Insights for Buyers Global Demand Equestrian sports and horseback activities are galloping into the global spotlight. Regions like North America and the Asia Pacific are experiencing a spike in interest, fueled by increased disposable incomes and a budding affinity for equine activities (source). Regional Variations Market niches vary across regions. The Asia Pacific trail leads with affordable yet high-quality gear, while the Middle East and Africa stirrup the luxury equestrian market (source). Future Growth The industry's horizon is dazzling, with technology innovations like telemedicine and wearable tech paving the path. Participation in equestrian sports is also galloping forward at a thrilling pace, making this time ideal for seasoned and budding enthusiasts alike. Your ideal horse is out there, waiting to turn neighs into lifelong yay. Before you ride off into the sunset, make informed choices. Conclusion Our equestrian journey has brought us insight into the intricacies of horse selection, health considerations, and equipment choices. Like finding the right saddle fit, this process involves multiple adjustments and considerations. By analyzing trends and embracing innovations, you set the stage for a harmonious partnership with your equine friend. So grab those everyday horse supplements, tighten your reins, and prepare for an unforgettable adventure. Until then, happy trails!

Better understand this commonand frustratingcondition seen in horsesSometimes a horse with a fever just acts lethargic. Then there are times when nasal discharge, coughing, diarrhea, or other clinical signs develop. | iStockHes just a little off. Its hard to say exactly whats going on. But hes your horse, and you know him so well you pick up on the slightest little nuances when something is wrong.So, you check him all over: no signs of injury, no strange bug bites, no drainage coming out of the nose, no diarrhea, no cough. Then you take his temperature.Sure enough, fever. Something is wrong. But what?Welcome to the world of fever of unknown origin. For both owners and their treating veterinarians, this condition can be fraught with frustration, confusion, guesswork, and a Sherlock-Holmes-like investigative process with some modern technological flair.Fortunately, through strong collaborations with laboratories and referral clinics, horses with fevers of unknown origin can often get the diagnoses and targeted treatment they need.At first, its unknown originbut we hope to give it an origin, and give that horse a diagnosis, says Toby Pinn-Woodcock, DVM, Dipl. ACVIM, assistant clinical professor in the Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences at Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, in Ithaca, New York.Understanding Fever in HorsesMore than ever, horse owners are tracking their horses body temperatures, our sources say.Technology has certainly played a role in thatthanks to rubbery digital thermometers that beep with a digital reading less than 30 seconds after being inserted in the horses rectum. Veterinarians can also now implant microchips with temperature sensors into a horses neck, which send real-time data to mobile phones and alert you if the temperature is abnormal.RELATED CONTENT: What to Do if Your Horse Has a FeverWhen such technology meets the hands of highly observant owners, fevers get noticed right away. Horse owners are so astute, Pinn-Woodcock says. They catch things so earlysometimes before there are other signs.Rectal or chip-based temperature readings above 101.5 degrees Farenheit (38.5 degrees Celsius) generally indicate a fever in horses. Unless extenuating circumstances existsuch as excessively high outdoor temperatures or significant muscular effort akin to race trainingthat means theres some sort of inflammation in the body, says Julia Felippe, MedVet, MS, PhD, Dipl. ACVIM, professor and immunologist in the section of Large Animal Medicine, also at Cornell.Fever and inflammation function as the bodys first-line defense mechanisms in response to a wide range of health challenges, she says. Specialized molecules induce fever to help immune cells move and function better, while also creating an unfavorable environment for pathogens (disease-causing organisms) to survive.Indeed, sometimes owners catch fevers before other clinical signs develop, such as nasal discharge, coughing, or diarrhea. Those additional signs often help pinpoint the fevers cause within a few days, our sources say. But not all horses develop additional signs, even in the case of infectious diseases.If an acute fever goes away on its own and stays away, its still useful to find out its causenot only to keep the horses medical history current and accurate but also determine whether the fever stems from a contagious disease.But if fevers persist, or come and go, without any clear reason, Pinn-Woodcock recommends finding out whats behind them, because they can indicate life-threatening diseases.First Things First: Biosecurity at the FarmAny horse with a fever should go in an isolated stall or paddock where he has no contact and shares neither air space nor water sources with other horses.| iStockUntil you can prove otherwise, assume any fever of unknown origin might stem from a pathogen that could spread to other horses. That means you need to ramp up biosecurity immediately.Your feverish horse should go in an isolated stall or paddock where he has no contact and shares neither air space nor water sources with other horses, our sources say. The next step is to contact your veterinarian for evaluation and advice, says Felippe. If you get a diagnosis for an infectious disease, youll need to follow the biosecurity guidelines specific for that disease to prevent or stop an outbreak.Keep the horse in isolation while you work with your veterinarian to rule out contagious causes of equine fever common to your region, Pinn-Woodcock says.Causes of Fever in HorsesA feverish horse could have a wide range of bacterial or viral infections, such as strangles, equine herpesvirus types 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4), the tickborne disease anaplasmosis (caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum bacteria), and equine coronaviruswhich are a few of the common culprits, our sources say. But they could also carry fungal or parasitic infections such as guttural pouch mycosis and piroplasmosis. Noninfectious conditions, including cancer, immune-mediated disease, or an immunodeficiency disorder, could also be to blame.It can be quite challenging to find the cause of fever, Felippe says.Cornells Animal Health Diagnostic Center (AHDC) offers a comprehensive plan for homing in on horses fevers of unknown origin in more complex cases, says Pinn-Woodcock. The Cornell AHDC provides a long list of possible causes of equine fever and diagnostic tests that can be tailored to specific circumstances. These include cultures and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests on whole blood, nasal swabs, cerebrospinal fluid, peritoneal (abdominal) fluid, urine, and feces for pathogens such as herpesviruses, West Nile virus, coronavirus, adenovirus, strangles, Salmonella, Lawsonia, Leptospira, and more.That doesnt mean people should run all these tests, she says. Rather, the comprehensive plan serves as a brainstorming tool for practitioners. Its kind of a jumping-off point to select tests a la carte given the context of each case, she explains.Clues for Fever: Seasons, Regions, and TravelThe hunt for a fevers origin starts with certain clues, our sources say.Seasons, for example, play an important role, notes Pinn-Woodcock. We tend to see more fevers caused by betacoronavirus in the winter months, as this virus survives best in cool, moist environments, and we tend to see respiratory viruses in the early spring, which may be due to increased horse travel during this time of year, she says.Region also plays an important role, she explains, especially regarding vector-borne diseases. Vectors are disease transmittersthink ticks and midges. Different regions of the world have different vectors. In the northeastern U.S., for example, equine granulocytic anaplasmosis commonly causes fever in horsesespecially in the fall when the ticks carrying A. phagocytophilum bacteria are more prone to bite large mammals. And Potomac horse fever, caused by the Neorickettsia risticii bacteria harbored by aquatic insects such as mayflies and caddisflies, occurs most often in summer to early fall in horses living in proximity to a lake, pond, or river in some regions of the U.S. and Canada. Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) can cause fever in southeastern and Gulf coast states year-round and in northeastern states during summer and early fall when mosquitoes are present.Make sure you also consider the horses recent travel history, says Pinn-Woodcock. Horses attending shows or other events involving multiple horses from different origins can contract a wide variety of pathogens such as respiratory viruses, she says. Plus, researchers have recently confirmed horses in transit often have slightly weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to such pathogens.The travel history of the horses stablemates should be considered as well, she adds. Horses that have recently arrived on the premises or have been out traveling and returned home could have brought pathogens with themwithout appearing sick themselves. Theres a lot that goes into these risk analyses, Pinn-Woodcock says.The Veterinarians Workup on FeverWorkups for fevers of unknown origin start with a detailed history, followed by a thorough clinical exam of each system in affected horses: respiratory, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, urogenital, and so on, Felippe says. You use a multidirectional approach to narrow it down, she says.Based on the observations, vets collect diagnostic specimens such as nasal swabs, blood samples, and possibly peritoneal or cerebrospinal fluid for laboratory analyses. They might also analyze the feces for equine coronavirus or infectious bacteria such as Salmonella or Clostridium, which cause intestinal disease.When determining the cause of a fever, the veterinarian might run additional tests to look for evidence of inflammation or infection in various internal organs. | Alexandra Beckstett/The HorseOur sources say that while these samples can be used for specific disease testing based on the case context, complete blood counts (CBCs) and complete serum chemistry profiles can also provide clues. These comprehensive exams can point to trends and even specific organ systems that might be affected, based on values that are within normal range or not. For example, high levels of the enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) suggest a liver problem, and elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine point to kidney issues.This can be a great place to detect a hint about whats going on, Pinn-Woodcock says.Finally, additional tests might include imaging such as X ray or ultrasound, checking for evidence of inflammation or infection in various internal organs.Even so, test results themselves dont necessarily give a definitive answer, says Felippe. Tests might return negative results if the active pathogen shedding and replication period has passed, for example. Positives could represent remnants from previous infection or exposure that arent the cause of the current fever, or they could be an inflammatory response to vaccination.The veterinarian really has to understand what the results mean and how valid they are, she says. Even a positive result needs to be interpreted within the case context.On the opposite end of the spectrum, test results might not show anything at allat least, not initially. Fevers of unknown origin can sometimes take multiple rounds of testing, Pinn-Woodcock says. Its a process. It can take time for the veterinarian to get to the bottom of itand patience on everyones part. Its not always straightforward.Dedicated Fever-of-Unknown-Origin Test PanelsWithin a year of arriving at Cornells laboratory, Pinn-Woodcock realized her team was getting lots of calls from equine practitioners seeking help for diagnosing horses with fevers without other clinical signs. It was confusing for them to figure out what sample types they needed and which tests to request, she recalls.So, in 2019 she developed a dedicated fever-of-unknown-origin test panel targeting the most common causesat least in the northeastern U.S. The panel streamlines the testing process, eliminates confusion, and aids efficiency, leading to faster answers and cheaper costs, she says. The Cornell panel provides results on 10 pathogens within three days. This makes it easier for veterinarians to screen their patients for all these things to help them figure out a treatment plan, Pinn-Woodcock says.University of California Davis researchers have also developed a fever-of-unknown-origin panel adapted to the western U.S., she adds. Regardless of where veterinarians are, they can ship samples to these labs or use existing panels as models to create their own lists of tests to order from local diagnostic labs.Still, these dedicated panels dont cover everything, Pinn-Woodcock adds. They just make it easy to rule out the most common infectious causes. There are many other causes of fever, she says.Recurrent Fevers and Immune Disorders in HorsesHorses affected by fevers that just never seem to go away, or keep coming back after treatment, might have an immune disorder, Felippe says. In her research shes shown these disorders can be particularly difficult to diagnose due to the immune systems various cell types and functions, she says. You could have something that affects one area of the immune system but not the other areas, she explains. And we do not have tests for all areas of the immune system, so we can miss the real cause.Still, some tests can be quite revealing, she adds. Low concentrations of immunoglobulins M and G (IgM and IgG) in a horses blood, for example, indicate impaired antibody production. These horses have a decreased capacity to produce enough antibodies to fight against diseases, making them highly susceptible to various pathogens all the time, she explains.The immune system can also overreact, creating exaggerated immune responses, Felippe says. Such immune hypersensitivity leads to frequent fevers and tissue inflammation. Its a bit antagonistic, she says. The immune system is to use its cells and mediators for protection, while losing control of itself and causing damage.Take-Home MessageFevers flag a health problem, but without other clinical signs it can be tricky to determine what that problem is. Using clues such as season, region, and recent travel history can help narrow down the possibilities, and certain diagnostic labs offer dedicated test panels that can help veterinarians efficiently diagnoseor rule outthe most common causes. Our sources indicate that with hundreds of infectious and noninfectious causes for fevers, identifying the issue often demands time and patience. Diligent, collaborative work among horse owners, vets, and laboratories frequently leads to proper diagnoses and targeted treatment. This article is from the Winter 2024 issue ofThe Horse: Your Guide to Equine Health Care. We at The Horse work to provide you with the latest and most reliable news and information on equine health, care, management, and welfare through our magazine and TheHorse.com. Your subscription helps The Horse continue to offer this vital resource to horse owners of all breeds, disciplines, and experience levels. To access current issues included in your subscription, please sign in to theAppleorGoogleapps ORclick herefor the desktop version.

After years of training and competition, many horses develop osteoarthritis. | Getty imagesQ. My 17-year-old dressage horse has been showing some signs of discomfort due to osteoarthritis. My veterinarian and I have been discussing potential medical management options but, because he lives on my property, Im able to adjust his daily management in any way necessary. What are some management changes I should make to help keep him comfortable and working as long as possible?A. This is an important question that equine veterinarians encounter and discuss with clients on a daily basis. Over ones career, an equine athlete experiences wear and tear as a result of training and competition. Inevitably, almost all athletic horses develop some degree of osteoarthritis (OA). At 17 years old, your horse has likely seen a fair share of work, and your suspicion that OA might be contributing to stiffness, reduced performance, or lameness is well founded.Fortunately, there are a number of ways to help manage and maintain horses with osteoarthritis. To best understand what your veterinarian might suggest for management at home, some background on osteoarthritis is helpful to review. Osteoarthritis, also referred to as degenerative joint disease, develops over time as a result of repetitive insult to joint structures. Joints are made up of many components that all work together to allow the articulation of two bones. Synovium (joint lining), cartilage, and soft tissue support structures are among the more important of these components. Under normal conditions, without pathology (disease or damage), a joint flexes and extends easily without discomfort. If any of the components are injured, homeostasis is disrupted, and an inflammatory cascade develops. Over time, if homeostasis is not restored, the joint begins to overreact to the inflammatory process and the degradation process begins. While there is no cure for OA once it begins, there are tools and strategies available to manage the clinical signs and slow the progression.As you have probably noticed with your horse, lameness or poor performance often occurs with the onset osteoarthritis. An examination by an experienced veterinarian is essential for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Veterinary intervention with intra-articular medications is typically the first, most effective step. However, there is quite a bit that can be done without direct veterinary involvement. Regardless of what joint is affected, proper body condition, nutritional support, hoof care, and appropriate amounts of exercise are paramount.The body condition of your horse should be appropriate relative to its age and use, and the severity of arthritis present. Your horse should have the appropriate muscle mass to support the distal limb structures while maintaining the lightest frame possible to reduce loading on the joints. As a rule of thumb, you should be able to easily feel your horses ribs but not see them. While it varies depending on energy demands, your horse should consume 1.5-2% of their body weight in dry feed per day and, although it is not always convenient, weighing your feed can be helpful in making sure your horse is not being under- or overfed.You can also supplement your horses feed using nutraceuticals and joint support products. There are countless products on the market for supporting and maintaining joint health these days. Most contain some form or combination of MSM, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, glucosamine, or omega-3 fatty acids. There are many products with claims that are too good to be true, so speak with your veterinarian about what supplements make the most sense for your horse.There is an old saying in the horse world: No foot, no horse. Regular and proper hoof management is paramount in keeping arthritic horses feeling their best, especially when OA is affecting the lower limb joints. You can significantly reduce undue stress on joint structures by balancing the feet and, in many cases, therapeutic shoeing can further increase the horses comfort levels depending on the specific condition. Your veterinarian might recommend radiographs to assess the current balance of your horses foot and provide your farrier with in-depth information that will allow them to provide the optimal trim or shoeing option. When your horses feet are in top condition, it allows the limbs to function and move at their best.Regular low-impact exercise can play a vital role in the management of OA by keeping the limb muscles strong, decreasing bone loss, and helping control joint swelling and pain. Joint movement replenishes lubrication to the cartilage and, in turn, reduces stiffness and pain. Of course, the degree of movement should be adapted to the needs of the individual. In the case of your horse, it seems that the OA present might be in its early stages, in which case he could be able to continue his level of work without experiencing overt lameness. Placing heating pads over the affected joints prior to work can relax the region and get it ready for increased motion, while ice therapy after a workout can help soothe swollen joints.It is always important for horse owners to manage expectations and working environment. If it appears your horse simply cannot manage the task, it would be advisable to reduce his level of work to a degree more suitable. During ridden exercise try to take notice of the footing your horse is working on. Footing that is too firm might be uncomfortable for horses with arthritic issues because concussive reaction forces with the ground might more easily aggravate the joint structures than softer, more depressible footing. When not working, if possible, allow your horse to live in a large paddock or turnout where he can move freely.In cases of progressed osteoarthritis that is less responsive to environmental and supplemental management, medication administration can be pursued. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are excellent at reducing discomfort caused by osteoarthritis. The most common forms are phenylbutazone (Bute), flunixin meglumine (Banamine) and firocoxib (i.e. Equioxx). These medications, while not void of potential side effects, are very useful for managing orthopedic disease in horses. Firocoxib has a different mechanism of action than phenylbutazone and flunixin and is consequently prescribed by many veterinarians for longer-term use for pain management, but all can be effectively used to manage acute episodes of discomfort.There are many ways you can support your horses joint health and manage osteoarthritis at home. Appropriate exercise, nutrition and supplementation, medication, and adjunct therapies should be used in conjunction with your veterinarians therapies to make your horse as comfortable as possible.

Riding on the gallops isnt just for racehorses and competition horses, its great fun and a useful exercise session for every horse and rider, regardless of breed, height and age of horse or pony. Galloping isnt mandatory; make the most of the surface and hone your session length and speed to best suit you and your horse. After all, variety is the spice of life and finding different ways to train our horses and keep fitness work interesting isnt always easy when riders only have access to the arena and roads.Riders are often put off by the word gallops because they associate it with racehorses and having to go flat out, but the speed you go is entirely up to you, and there are lots of different ways to use them, says Sue Hurford, senior lecturer at Bridgend College and a BHS Level 5 equine business manager.Here are seven reasons to take your horse to the gallops, and why youll both benefit from doing so.1. Boost fitnessGallops are excellent for getting a horse fit and maintaining their fitness.You can gradually build up the distance and time, as well as increase the pace, starting in walk and building up the trot and canter work, says Sue. You can also introduceinterval training, monitoring their recovery from fast work. Gallops are the perfect opportunity to use a heart monitor because you can work out your distance.Once a week is plenty for the vast majority of horses, but those aiming for events requiring a higher level of fitness such as racing or eventing will be using them much more frequently, adds Robyn Cherry, yard manager at Tyre Hill Equestrian.2. Achieve a more forward thinking horse Gallops are also useful for horses that hug the fence in the school.I do lots offlexion and counter flexion,shoulder-in,travers, playing with the paces (so adding in some medium or extension, and some collection), leg yielding back and forth as Im riding on the gallops, and anything to keep the horse focused and make the ride more interesting, says Robyn.I taught my horse his flying changes on the gallops because we couldnt stay straight in the school and he was getting stuffy and backward. He was more forward-thinking on the gallops, so he mastered the beginnings of his tempis in a straight line.3. Calculate your horses speedBecause you know the distance of the gallops, you can also work out your galloping speed for cross-country.For event riders, its good for measuring your gallop time to work out metre per second to help meet the time cross-country, says Sue.Gallop over a certain distance and have it timed to work out how fast your horse is going. Its a great way for getting the rider used to the set speed required for competition.4. RehabilitationThe gallops are excellent for all horses, even those recovering from injury or surgery. Having a consistent surface to ride on is really important in preventing injury, explains Robyn.Our gallops [at Tyre Hill Equestrian] are fantastic as we have the variety in terms of incline we have a short and sharp hill plus a slow and steady incline on the big gallop.We use them to long-rein rehab horses as the surface is consistent, which is ideal for a horse coming back from injury, and we can use the hills to work them safely and in a contained way, without the weight of a rider.5. Different surfaces (cross-training)Another big benefit of riding on the gallops is that, depending on the surface, they are rideable up to -30C. This means they are a reliable surface during the winter months when some arena surfaces freeze, as well as during the summer when the ground is rock hard.Remember, though, that while a consistent surface is fantastic for horses coming back from injuries and when the ground is either too wet, frozen, or too dry for fast work working on varied terrain is necessary for sound horses.Horses must learn to travel over different ground and adjust themselves accordingly, advises Robyn.Always working on perfect going isnt ideal for horses tendons and ligaments in the long term and the day you have to gallop across a grassy field youll notice a big difference if youve only ever done fast work on a surface.Be careful and ensure you mix it up to keep your horses legs strong, and to teach them to adjust to varying terrain.6. Long, straight lines great for youngsters and veteransRiding in straight lines is beneficial for older horses with joint problems that cant go round and round in circles in an arena, and for those recovering from injury.For young or inexperienced horses, gallops are a safe way to introduce them to open spaces and hacking out without the worry of traffic on the roads.Theyre also good for breakers [horses being broken to ride] to get them going forward within a safe situation, adds Sue.Its also a nice way to get off the roads, which are busier and more dangerous these days. If you have to ride in reduced light in winter, it is much safer than riding on the road as theres no traffic.7. Safe place for novice ridersThe gallops can be a safe environment for riders to develop a light seat for when riding in open spaces, and improve their balance going up and downhill, states Sue.It is also ideal for improving a riders fitness, as riders can take up a light seat and practise standing up in the stirrups, which uses different muscles.Riding on the gallops offers plenty of benefits, from improving fitness to growing confidenceRiding on the gallops: How to stay safeBefore you head out to your nearest track, there are certain things you should keep in mind in order to keep both you and your horse safe.1. Vary where you change the paceA horse who is repeatedly asked to canter or gallop in a certain place will quickly learn this habit and come to expect it, possibly leading to excitable/unruly behaviour.If you have regular access to gallops, the biggest thing to remember is not to do the same thing in the same place every time. The last thing you want is a horse that says, We always canter here and starts flinging himself around, explains Robyn. Rather, keep it varied so that your horse is sensible walking along the gallops and knows that you will tell him when its time to pick up the pace.2. Give others spaceDont go galloping up behind someone, as this can cause serious accidents, adds Robyn.3. Safety gearSome horses can get excited on the gallops, so its advisable to put a neck strap on. Of course youll wear a hat, but also consider using a body protector, brushing boots and gloves, advises Sue. Its also important that you have adequate control in terms of your horses bit, and that your tack fits correctly.4. Work on both reinsAlso, when working on straight lines, make sure youre working on each canter lead and trot diagonal equally, adds Sue.5. Dont overdo itSure, its good fun, and your horse might feel keen, but if theyre not fully fit, youll want to limit how much fast work you do and not push them too hard in order to avoid injury.6. Warm up and downAs with any other hack or schooling session, start slowly and gradually pick up the pace as your horse gets warm. If hes going to find it exciting, you might need to go for a hack first. Remember to let him cool down thoroughly and catch his breath on a long rein at the end too.Related content14 Tips for Confident Hacking With Your HorseNervous out hacking? How hypnotic language could boost your confidenceWhat every rider needs to know about hacking a horse on different terrains11 tips for having a confident, spook-free hack with your horse every time you go outThe post Riding on the gallops: expert advice for every type of horse appeared first on Your Horse.